Introduction: Preliminary considerations in the teaching of pronunciation Biological factors Socio-cultural factors Personality factors The role of the native language Setting realistic goals PART ONE:Ĭomplex vowels (diphthongs) The vowel / or/ The consonant /h/ Semi-vowels (glides) Exercisesġ Spelling and pronunciation The English spelling system Sound-spelling correspondences Spelling in other languages The phonetic alphabet Exercises 2 Individual sounds of English How speech sounds are made Consonants and vowels The description of English consonants Place of articulation Manner of articulation Voicing Summary The description of English vowels Tongue height Frontness/backness of tongue T enseness/laxness Lip rounding Phonetic symbols for vowelsģ English sounds in context Positional variation Contrastive sounds of English Non-contrastive sounds of English Implications for teaching Conclusion Grammatical endings The regular past tense The plural, possessive, and third person singular Grammatical endings in the pronunciation classroom ExercisesĤ The shape of English words Syllable types Consonant clusters Exercisesĥ Word stress and vowel reduction What is stress? Schwa Major and minor stress Placement of word stress ExercisesĦ Connected Speech Rhythm, sentence stress, and intonation The stress-timed rhythm of English Placement of stress in sentences Intonation Modifications of sounds in connected speech The pronunciation of function words Linking Deletion of consonants
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